在一次 Small Group Supervision 中，其中一个组员特别喜欢 IFS 并提出可以使用 IFS 进行进一步治疗。然而，目前没有研究表明 IFS 能够有效治疗 DID。这一点，在 Reddit 社区，被支持。
Key Points:
The Absence of a Singular "Self"Standard IFS relies on a central, undamaged "Self" that can observe and lead subpersonalities. In DID/OSDD, there is no single core "Self"—the host is also an alter. Instead, adapted models suggest that every alter possesses its own "Self" energy and may even have its own sub-parts (like Russian dolls).
Alters Possess True Autonomy In standard IFS, "parts" (like managers or firefighters) are metaphorical representations of emotional states or survival roles. In DID/OSDD, alters have distinct autonomy, agency, and robust dissociative boundaries. Because of this autonomy, an overarching "Self" cannot simply step in and dictate actions without causing internal distress.
Shift from "Leadership" to "Negotiation" Because alters possess their own autonomy, practitioners cannot ask a protector to just step aside. Taking control away from an exile or protector alter can exacerbate their pain. Instead, the modified approach relies on building trust and mutual negotiation, allowing different alters to have shared control and decision-making power like a "committee".
"Unburdening" Looks Different A core tenet of IFS is that "no parts are bad." While this principle remains helpful for reducing hostility toward alters, alters do not simply "go away" or get absorbed into the host once unburdened. They may fuse, go dormant, or take on new jobs, but their distinct aspects remain.
Standard IFS Can Be Destabilizing Several users noted that standard IFS without DID-specific protocols can be dangerous. Bypassing dissociative barriers too quickly, using the "most wise self" language, or trying to force a standard IFS framework onto a highly structuralized system can trigger severe distress and dissociation.
Books Mentioned for Adapted Frameworks:
"Trauma and Dissociation Informed Internal Family Systems: How to Successfully Treat C-PTSD and Dissociative Disorders" by Joanne Twombly.
"Healing the Fragmented Selves of Trauma Survivors: Overcoming Internal Self-Alienation" by Janina Fisher (blends IFS with the Theory of Structural Dissociation).
"Becoming Yourself: Overcoming Mind Control and Ritual Abuse" by Alison Miller (not strictly IFS, but users noted the exercises echo IFS and explain alter "jobs").
"No Bad Parts" by Richard Schwartz (the creator of IFS; users mention he briefly addresses DID, though some find it insufficient for complex systems).
Other Treatments and Modalities Mentioned:
TSDP (Trauma-Informed Stabilization Treatment): Recommended by a user as an alternative to modified IFS for complex trauma, though noted it has its own issues.
CRM (Comprehensive Resource Model): Mentioned as a tool that helps alters feel heard and aids in system mapping, heavily reliant on therapist trust.
EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing): Mentioned in the context of being adapted (e.g., IFS-informed EMDR), with warnings that standard EMDR combined with standard IFS can be highly destabilizing for systems.
TMS (Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation): Mentioned by a user as an adjunctive biological treatment they found very helpful.